Ukukhanyisa kwe-LED manje kuwubuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa obuthandwa kakhulu.Cishe wonke umuntu ujwayelene nezinzuzo eziningi ezihlinzekwa ukulungiswa kwe-LED, ikakhulukazi iqiniso lokuthi akonga amandla futhi ahlala isikhathi eside kunezibani ezivamile.Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abanalo ulwazi oluningi mayelana nobuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo ngemuva kokukhanyisa kwe-LED.Kulokhu okuthunyelwe, sibheka ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa kwe-LED bungaphansi kanjani ukuze siqonde ukuthi izibani ze-LED zisebenza kanjani nokuthi zonke izinzuzo eziye zavela khona.
Isahluko 1: Ayini ama-LED futhi asebenza kanjani?
Isinyathelo sokuqala sokuqonda ubuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa kwe-LED ukuqonda ukuthi ayini ama-LED.I-LED imele i-light emitting diode.Lawa ma-diode angama-semiconductor ngokwemvelo, okusho ukuthi angakwazi ukuqhuba umbane kagesi.Uma ugesi usetshenziswa ku-diode ekhipha ukukhanya, umphumela uba ukukhululwa kwamandla ngendlela yama-photons (amandla okukhanya).
Ngenxa yokuthi izinto ze-LED zisebenzisa i-semiconductor diode ukukhiqiza ukukhanya, zibizwa ngokuthi amadivaysi okukhanya kwesimo esiqinile.Amanye amalambu esimo esiqinile ahlanganisa ama-organic light emitting diode nama-polymer light-emitting diode, aphinde asebenzise i-semiconductor diode.
Isahluko 2: Umbala wokukhanya we-LED nezinga lokushisa lombala
Izinto eziningi ze-LED zikhiqiza ukukhanya okumhlophe ngombala.Ukukhanya okumhlophe kuhlukaniswa ngezigaba ezihlukahlukene kuye ngokushisa noma ukupholisa kwendawo ngayinye (okungakho izinga lokushisa lombala).Lezi zigaba zezinga lokushisa lombala zihlanganisa:
Okumhlophe Okufudumele - 2,700 kuya ku-3,000 Kelvins
Okumhlophe okumaphakathi - 3,000 kuya ku-4,000 Kelvins
Okumhlophe Okumsulwa - 4,000 kuya ku-5,000 Kelvins
I-Day White - 5,000 kuya ku-6,000 Kelvins
Okumhlophe Okupholile - 7,000 kuya ku-7,500 Kelvins
Ngomhlophe ofudumele, umbala okhiqizwe ama-LED unombala ophuzi, ofana nowamalambu we-incandescent.Njengoba izinga lokushisa lombala likhuphuka, ukukhanya kuba mhlophe ngokubukeka, kuze kufike umbala omhlophe wosuku, ofana nokukhanya kwemvelo (ukukhanya kwasemini okuvela elangeni).Njengoba izinga lokushisa lombala liqhubeka nokwanda, i-beam yokukhanya iqala ukuba nombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Into eyodwa okumele uyiqaphele nokho mayelana nama-diode akhipha ukukhanya ukuthi awakhiqizi ukukhanya okumhlophe.Ama-diode atholakala ngemibala emithathu eyinhloko: obomvu, oluhlaza okotshani noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.Umbala omhlophe otholakala ezindaweni eziningi ze-LED uvela ngokuxuba le mibala emithathu eyinhloko.Ngokuyisisekelo, ukuxuba imibala kuma-LED kuhlanganisa ukuhlanganisa amaza okukhanya ahlukene ama-diode amabili noma ngaphezulu.Ngakho-ke, ngokuxuba imibala, kungenzeka ukufeza noma yimiphi imibala eyisikhombisa etholakala ku-spectrum yokukhanya ebonakalayo (imibala yothingo), ekhiqiza umbala omhlophe lapho ihlangene yonke.
Isahluko sesi-3: I-LED nokusebenza kahle kwamandla
Isici esisodwa esibalulekile sobuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa kwe-LED ukusebenza kahle kwabo kwamandla.Njengoba sekushiwo, cishe wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ama-LED angamandla okusebenza.Nokho, abantu abaningi abaqapheli ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani ukonga amandla.
Into eyenza i-LED isebenzise amandla kakhudlwana kunobunye ubuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa iqiniso lokuthi ama-LED aguqula cishe wonke amandla afakiwe (95%) abe amandla okukhanya.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-LED awakhiphi imisebe ye-infrared (ukukhanya okungabonakali), elawulwa ngokuxuba amaza ombala wamaza e-diode endaweni ngayinye ukuze kuzuzwe ubude beza bemibala emhlophe kuphela.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isibani esivamile se-incandescent siguqula kuphela ingxenye encane (cishe i-5%) yamandla asetshenzisiwe abe ukukhanya, kanti okunye kuchithwa ukushisa (cishe u-14%) kanye nemisebe ye-infrared (cishe 85%).Ngakho-ke, ngobuchwepheshe bokukhanyisa bendabuko, amandla amaningi ayadingeka ukuze kukhiqizwe ukukhanya okwanele, nama-LED adinga amandla amancane kakhulu ukuze akhiqize ukukhanya okufanayo noma okwengeziwe.
Isahluko 4: Ukuguquguquka okukhanyayo kokulungiswa kwe-LED
Uma uke wathenga ama-incandescent noma ama-fluorescent light bulbs esikhathini esidlule, ujwayelene nokugeleza kwamanzi.Isikhathi eside, i-wattage yayiyindlela eyamukelekile yokulinganisa ukukhanya okukhiqizwa yi-fixture.Kodwa-ke, kusukela ekufikeni kokulungiswa kwama-LED, lokhu kushintshile.Ukukhanya okukhiqizwa ama-LED kukalwa ngokushintshashintsha okukhanyayo, okuchazwa njengenani lamandla akhishwa umthombo wokukhanya kuzo zonke izinhlangothi.Iyunithi yokulinganisa ye-flux ekhanyayo yi-lumens.
Isizathu sokushintsha isilinganiso sokukhanya sisuka ku-wattage siye ekukhanyeni kungenxa yokuthi ama-LED angamadivayisi anamandla aphansi.Ngakho-ke, kwenza umqondo owengeziwe ukunquma ukukhanya usebenzisa okukhiphayo okukhanyayo esikhundleni sokuphuma kwamandla.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto ezihlukile ze-LED zisebenza ngokukhanyayo okuhlukile (ikhono lokuguqula ugesi ube okukhipha ukukhanya).Ngakho-ke, izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezisebenzisa inani elifanayo lamandla zingase zibe nokukhipha okukhanyayo okuhluke kakhulu.
Isahluko 5: Ama-LED nokushisa
Umbono oyiphutha ovamile mayelana nezinsimbi ze-LED ukuthi azikhiqizi ukushisa- ngenxa yokuthi zipholile uma uzithinta.Nokho, lokhu akulona iqiniso.Njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, ingxenye encane yamandla afakwa kuma-diode akhipha ukukhanya iguqulwa ibe amandla okushisa.
Isizathu sokuthi izakhiwo ze-LED zipholile lapho uzithinta ukuthi ingxenye encane yamandla eguqulelwe kumandla okushisa ayiningi kakhulu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto ze-LED ezizofika namasinki okushisa, aqeda lokhu kushisa, okuvimbela ukushisisa ngokweqile kwama-diode akhipha ukukhanya namasekhethi kagesi wezinto ze-LED.
Isahluko 6: Isikhathi sokuphila sezinto ze-LED
Ngaphezu kokusebenza ngendlela eyongayo, izibani ze-LED nazo zidume ngokusebenza kahle kwazo.Ezinye izinto ze-LED zingahlala phakathi kwamahora angu-50,000 nangu-70,000, okungaba izikhathi ezi-5 (noma ngisho nangaphezulu) isikhathi eside uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-incandescent kanye ne-fluorescent.Ngakho-ke, yini eyenza izibani ze-LED zihlale isikhathi eside kunezinye izinhlobo zokukhanya?
Nokho, esinye sezizathu sihlobene neqiniso lokuthi i-LED izibani zesimo esiqinile, kuyilapho izibani ze-incandescent ne-fluorescent zisebenzisa imicu kagesi, i-plasma, noma igesi ukuze zikhiphe ukukhanya.Imicu kagesi iyasha kalula ngemva kwesikhathi esifushane ngenxa yokonakaliswa kokushisa, kuyilapho amagobolondo engilazi ahlala i-plasma noma igesi esengozini enkulu yokulimala ngenxa yomthelela, ukudlidliza, noma ukuwa.Ngakho-ke lezi zinto zokukhanya azihlali isikhathi eside, futhi noma ziphila isikhathi eside ngokwanele, ukuphila kwazo kufushane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nama-LED.
Into eyodwa okufanele uyiqaphele mayelana nama-LED nesikhathi sokuphila ukuthi awashi njengama-fluorescent noma ama-incandescent bulb (ngaphandle uma ama-diode eshisa ngokweqile).Esikhundleni salokho, ukuguquguquka okukhanyayo kwe-fixture ye-LED kwehla kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ize ifinyelele ku-70% wokukhipha okukhanyayo kwasekuqaleni.
Kuleli qophelo (okubizwa ngokuthi i-L70), ukuwohloka okukhanyayo kubonakala emehlweni omuntu, futhi izinga lokuwohloka liyakhuphuka, okwenza ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo kwe-LED kungenzeki.Ngakho-ke ama-fixtures athathwa ngokuthi afinyelele ekupheleni kwempilo yawo ngalesi sikhathi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-27-2021